IT Security

About

IT Security, also known as Information Security, is the practice of protecting information systems from theft, damage, disruption, and unauthorized access. It encompasses various strategies, technologies, and practices designed to safeguard the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.

Components

1. Cybersecurity

Definition: Protecting internet-connected systems, including hardware, software, and data, from cyber attacks.

Core Areas:

• Network Security: Safeguarding the network infrastructure from unauthorized access, misuse, malfunction, modification, destruction, or improper disclosure.

• Application Security: Ensuring that software applications are designed, developed, and deployed with security in mind.

• Endpoint Security: Protecting devices that connect to the network from threats.

• Data Security: Protecting data from unauthorized access and corruption throughout its lifecycle.

2. Physical Security

Definition: Measures designed to prevent physical access to IT systems and protect against environmental threats.

Core Areas:

• Access Controls: Securing facilities with locks, biometric systems, and surveillance.

• Environmental Controls: Protecting against natural disasters, fire, and other environmental hazards.

• Hardware Security: Safeguarding physical devices and infrastructure.

3. Operational Security (OpSec)

Definition: Processes and decisions for handling and protecting data and resources.

Core Areas:

• Policies and Procedures: Establishing guidelines for security practices.

• Incident Response: Planning for and managing security incidents.

• Security Awareness Training: Educating employees on security best practices.

4. Compliance

Definition: Adhering to laws, regulations, and standards to ensure data protection and privacy.

Core Areas:

• Regulations: GDPR, HIPAA, SOX, and others.

• Standards: ISO/IEC 27001, NIST Cybersecurity Framework.

• Audits: Regular assessments to ensure compliance.